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What Does Depression Pills Do To You

Other Treatments For Depression

Natural Supplements and Treatments for Anxiety: What the Research Says About Supplements for Anxiety

Other treatments for depression include talking therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy .

People with moderate to severe depression are usually treated using a combination of antidepressants and CBT. Antidepressants work quickly in reducing symptoms, whereas CBT takes time to deal with causes of depression and ways of overcoming it.

Regular exercise has also been shown to be useful for those with mild depression.

Read more about alternatives to antidepressants.

How Are Antidepressant Medications Selected

The type of drug prescribed will depend on your symptoms, the presence of other medical conditions, other medicines you are currently taking, the cost of the prescribed treatments, and potential side effects. If you have had depression before, your provider may prescribe the same medicine that worked for you in the past. If you have a family history of depression, medicines that have been effective in treating your family member may also be considered.

Usually you will start taking the medicine at a low dose. The dose will be gradually increased until it has reached the therapeutic dose, or until you start to see an improvement .

How Do These Drugs Work

Experts initially thought that depression must be caused by low levels of neurotransmitters in the brain, in part because the first antidepressant drug accidentally discovered in the 1950s increased circulating amounts of the chemicals. Further research suggested that serotonin played an especially important role in mood. This so-called chemical imbalance theory gained a foothold in the cultural psyche and was promoted by ads for the medications.

However, starting in the 1990s, researchers began to understand that depression was much more complicated and that serotonin played only a nominal role. For one thing, S.S.R.I.s increase serotonin levels immediately, but it takes several weeks before people start to feel better. Studies also started to emerge showing that another brain system played a role: People with depression consistently have less volume in an area called the hippocampus thats important for regulating mood.

A paper published earlier this year made headlines for presenting several decades worth of evidence that people with depression dont have less serotonin than people who are not depressed. To most psychiatrists, the paper didnt reveal anything new, and it didnt mean antidepressants arent effective . Instead it revealed a fundamental disconnect between how the public viewed depression and how the experts thought about it.

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How To Safely Take Antidepressants

Last Updated September 2022 | This article was created by familydoctor.org editorial staff and reviewed by Peter Rippey, MD, CAQSM

If you have depression, your doctor may prescribe medicine to treat it. This medicine is called an antidepressant. There are many types of antidepressants. Finding the one thats right for you can take time. Its important to work with your doctor to find it.

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How Effectively Do Antidepressants Relieve The Symptoms

There are a lot of different medications for treating . But it’s difficult to predict how well a particular medication will help an individual. So doctors often first suggest taking a drug that they consider to be effective and relatively well tolerated. If it doesn’t help as much as expected, it’s possible to switch to a different medication. Sometimes a number of different drugs have to be tried before you find one that works.

Studies show that the benefit generally depends on the severity of the : The more severe the depression, the greater the benefits will be. In other words, antidepressants are effective against chronic, moderate and severe depression. They don’t help in mild depression.

The various antidepressants have been compared in many studies. Overall, the commonly used tricyclic antidepressants were found to be equally effective. Studies involving adults with moderate or severe have shown the following:

  • Without antidepressants: About 20 to 40 out of 100 people who took a placebo noticed an improvement in their symptoms within six to eight weeks.
  • With antidepressants: About 40 to 60 out of 100 people who took an antidepressant noticed an improvement in their symptoms within six to eight weeks.

In other words, antidepressants improved symptoms in about an extra 20 out of 100 people.

Antidepressants can also relieve long-term symptoms of chronic depressive disorder and chronic , and help make them go away completely.

What Should I Know About Storage And Disposal Of This Medication

Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Store it at room temperature and away from light, excess heat and moisture .

It is important to keep all medication out of sight and reach of children as many containers are not child-resistant and young children can open them easily. To protect young children from poisoning, always lock safety caps and immediately place the medication in a safe location â one that is up and away and out of their sight and reach.

Unneeded medications should be disposed of in special ways to ensure that pets, children, and other people cannot consume them. However, you should not flush this medication down the toilet. Instead, the best way to dispose of your medication is through a medicine take-back program. Talk to your pharmacist or contact your local garbage/recycling department to learn about take-back programs in your community. See the FDA’s Safe Disposal of Medicines website for more information if you do not have access to a take-back program.

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Don’t Stop Taking Your Antidepressant Medicine Suddenly

If you think your antidepressant medicine isn’t working for you, don’t stop taking it suddenly. Talk to your doctor about the right time to stop taking your medicine. When youre ready, your doctor will work out a plan with you. They will slowly lower the amount you take over a few weeks until youre not taking it at all. This lowers the chance of problems as you stop taking it, eg, feeling dizzy, tired or worried or having trouble sleeping.

What Are The Effects Of Taking Antidepressants Without Depression

Alternative Medicine For Depression

Research shows that taking antidepressants if youre not depressed can alter brain function and structure, particularly the medication Zoloft. While the effects of depression medications such as improved mood and emotion are advantageous for people with depression, these drugs are designed to regulate a chemical imbalance.

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How Long Will I Need To Take Antidepressants For

Antidepressant medicines work best if you take them every day. When you first start taking an antidepressant medicine, you wont feel better straight away. Most people start to feel better after taking them for 2 to 4 weeks. However, it can take up to 6 to 8 weeks for them to really work. How long you need to take antidepressants for will depend on a number of factors and is best discussed with your doctor. Most people will need to take these medicines for at least 6 to 12 months. If you stop taking it too early, your signs of depression or anxiety may come back. During the first few months of treatment, you’ll usually see your doctor or a specialist nurse at least once every few weeks to see how well the medicine is working.

Types Of Antidepressant Medications

There are several classes of antidepressants within each class there are many individual medications. While all antidepressants work well overall, no drug or type of drug works equally well for everyone who takes it. You may be advised to try more than one type of antidepressant or to use a combination of antidepressants to seek relief from your distress.

The different types of antidepressants are listed in the order in which they are most commonly prescribed. Medications are referred to in two ways: by their generic name and by their brand or trade names. Brand names available in Canada appear in brackets.

SSRIs

This group of drugs, including fluoxetine , paroxetine , fluvoxamine , citalopram , escitalopram and sertraline , is usually the first choice for treatment of depression and anxiety disorders. These medications are known to have milder side-effects than some other antidepressants. Buspirone is similar to SSRIs and has been found to help with anxiety but not depression.

Common side-effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weight gain, dry mouth, headaches, anxiety, sedation and a decrease in sexual desire and response. This group of drugs may also cause a jittery or restless feeling and sleep difficulties, such as problems falling asleep, waking in the night, vivid dreams or nightmares.

SNRIs
NDRIs

Common side-effects are jitteriness and insomnia.

NaSSAs

Common side-effects are drowsiness and weight gain.

Nonselective cyclics
MAOIs

Recommended Reading: List Of Coping Strategies For Depression

How Do I Stop Taking Antidepressants

You should always stop taking antidepressants slowly, and under a doctorâs supervision. Stopping most antidepressants suddenly can result in unpleasant symptoms such as dizziness, nausea or feeling edgy.

Itâs important to work closely with a doctor to lower the dose, stop or switch antidepressant medicines.

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What Does The Treatment Involve

Antidepressants are usually taken daily. The goal in the first few weeks and months is to relieve the symptoms and, where possible, make the go away. Once that has been achieved, the treatment is continued for at least four to nine months. This continuation therapy is necessary to stop the symptoms from coming back. The medication is sometimes taken for longer to prevent relapses. The duration of treatment also depends on how the symptoms continue to develop over time and whether the depression is likely to return. Some people take antidepressants over many years.

It’s important to have regular appointments with your doctor when taking antidepressants. There you can talk about whether the symptoms have improved and whether there are any side effects. The dose will be adjusted if necessary. By no means should you reduce the dose or stop taking the medication on your own. That can make the tablets less effective, or they may cause more side effects.

Towards the end of the treatment, the dose is gradually reduced over the course of several weeks. You may experience temporary sleep problems, nausea or restlessness when coming off antidepressants. These symptoms are especially likely if you suddenly stop taking antidepressants. Sometimes people stop taking their medication as soon as they start feeling better, but that increases the risk of the coming back. Unlike many sleeping pills and sedatives, antidepressants don’t cause physical dependence or addiction.

How Long Should I Be On Antidepressants

Most people are advised to keep taking their antidepressant for at least 6 to 12 months after they start to feel better, to reduce the risk of symptoms returning. Itâs important to discuss with your doctor about the best time to stop an antidepressant.

In some people, ongoing antidepressant treatment is recommended to maintain long-term control over their illness.

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How Do Antidepressants Work

Various antidepressant medications are available for prescription use. There is no single best antidepressant, and the best one for you depends on your symptoms and individual needs.

Usually, antidepressants help balance the levels of neurotransmitters, which are chemicals responsible for communications between neurons in the brain. These chemicals include serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine. Higher levels of these chemicals usually correspond with lower levels of depression.

While antidepressants can be helpful in depression, effectiveness varies from patient to patient. How long the drugs stay in your body also varies. Some drugs stay in your body for about 36 hours, while others last as long as several days.

What Are Antidepressants

What Does Xanax Really Do To Your Body?

Antidepressant medicines are medicines used to treat depression, anxiety and related conditions, such as eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.

These medicines affect a number of chemicals in the brain that influence mood and anxiety, such as serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine.

Medication is just one way that depression and anxiety are treated. Other treatments may also be needed, such as psychological treatments or lifestyle changes.

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Creatine And The Brain

Substantial scientific research shows that creatine benefits brain health and function. Its a lot more than simply a workout supplement.

Creatine is synthesized in the brain and nervous system. Reviews support the potential for supplementing with creatine to keep your cognitive processing and brain healthy because it increases brain ATP.

In a review published in the journal Nutrients, a positive impact was found between supplementation with creatine monohydrate and neurological and mental health conditions. Researchers widely recognize that ATP and creatine maintain homeostasis of the central nervous system.

Your brain stores phosphocreatine like your muscles and requires abundant ATP to function optimally.

Some of the particular conditions that creatine supplementation might help with include:

  • Injuries to the brain or spinal cord
  • Motor neuron disease
  • Brain and memory function in older people

In one study, taking five grams of creatine daily for six weeks significantly improved intelligence and working memory in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 45 young adults who were vegetarians.

Theres evidence that if you increase your creatine intake, it can help shorten concussion symptoms as well.

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How Soon Will They Start Working

Depression, Drugs &  The Downward Spiral

Everybodys experience of medication is different. Most antidepressants take one to two weeks to start working. But you might feel some benefits sooner than this, such as improved sleep.

Speak to your doctor if you dont feel any benefit after taking an antidepressant regularly for two to four weeks, or if you feel worse. Its possible that a different antidepressant might suit you better.

“I was a total mess before I started my antidepressants. After a struggle through the first two weeks, I began to see the light at the end of what had been a very long tunnel.”

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